Road trip tips for your vehicle of choice are relevant all year long, but especially so in the autumn. We are graced with fall colors for only a few weeks each year, and taking drive tips to enjoy the season is a favorite American pastime. Before you take to the open road, take a few moments to read some travel tips.

Before You Leave

Even if you’ve only planned a day trip, being prepared means helps keeping you and your family safe. Ensure you have plenty of water, flares, a basic tool kit, and fire extinguisher. Verify your spare tire and jack are in good order. Check tire pressure, motor oil and other fluids, and wiper blades. Throw a few blankets and pillows in the back, so kids can snuggle up if they get cold or tired. Cell phone service off the beaten path can be spotty. Ask your carrier about an air card or other method of increasing your range of coverage. Finally, make a basic plan of route and stops, and share it with a neighbor, friend, or family member.

While You’re on the Road

If you’re like most people, you drive right past those visitor centers you see along the road. Visitor centers can be a road-tripper’s best friend. Most feature clean restrooms, a place to stretch your legs, free maps, and information about attractions that you may not be aware of. Whenever you stop for gas or at a rest stop, take a moment to organize your vehicle and toss the trash. Cars can get pretty messy and smelly when the food wrappers start to accumulate. Take plenty of breaks to enjoy the sights and switch drivers often to avoid fatigue.

At Your Destination

To engage everyone in the fun, allow each family member to select an activity. Mom may like scenic hikes, dad may want to see the world’s biggest ball of yarn, and the kids might enjoy petting zoos or parks. Bring along a map and markers. Involve the whole family in tracing your route thus far. Add stickers, notes, and photos to commemorate the places you visit. This creates a memory map you can revisit in the future to recall the fun you had.

Road trips are fun but can turn deadly if you don’t think safety first. Ensure that your car is well-maintained, to minimize the risk of becoming stranded on the side of the road. Purchase a roadside assistance plan for greater peace of mind. Hopefully you’ll never need it but, if you do, it may be the best investment you’ve ever made. Talk to your auto service professional for even more road trip tips and tricks to keep you and your family safe this fall.

Car maintenance tips are a dime a dozen, but which ones will actually help keep you and your family safe on the road? Many drivers believe that as long as no warning lights come on, their car is running fine. Unfortunately, failure to properly maintain your vehicle could leave you stranded. Here are some quick and easy car care tips to help keep you safe on the road.

Keep Your Tires and Wheels in Good Condition

Keeping your tires in good shape not only improves your gas mileage, it makes your tires last longer too. More important, it can help prevent blow-outs on the road or unexpected flat tires that leave you marooned in potentially dangerous situations. Consult your manufacturer’s recommendation for tire pressure, and check all five (yes, even your spare) every time you fuel up. It takes less than five minutes. Once each month, check for tire wear. Have your tires rotated every 6,000 miles and have your alignment checked annually.

Use the Right Type and Grade of Fuel

More and more car manufacturers are recommending the use of mid- or high-grade fuel. Yes, it costs more at the pump, but you may make up that difference in improved gas mileage… but maybe not. Higher grade fuels are advertised to provide better performance and reduce engine build-up, but the experts disagree on its merits. Most experts recommend that you use the fuel that your car requires. If your manufacturer only recommends premium, you’re likely safe to use the mid-grade gasoline but check with your mechanic to make sure.

The Importance of Fluids

If you don’t know how to check all the important fluids in your car, now is the time to learn. You need to know how (and when) to check your oil, brake fluid, transmission fluid, coolant, washer fluid, and power steering fluid. Check fluids every other month and before embarking on a long drive trip. Consult your manual for specific directions on how to do this, or ask your professional auto care specialist to show you how. Most auto repair shops will check all your fluids when you have an oil change and top off any that are running low.

If you wait until a warning light comes on or a gauge registers in the red, you may already have done damage to your vehicle. Take a proactive stance for keeping your car in good shape and you will improve your safety on the road and a long life for your car. For greater peace of mind when you get behind the wheel, try following the simple car maintenance tips. Salt Lake City’s Emission Time is a great place to obtain your regular automotive maintenance checks.

This one is right up there with the other famous questions like “Chicken or the egg?†“Paper or plastic?†“Ginger or Mary Ann?†There’s no question that a cracked windshield is unsafe, and it’s not legal to drive with one in many states. Once upon a time, even a small chip meant automatic windshield replacement. Today, windshield repair technology has become a viable alternative, but it still may not be the right fix. Any windshield damage significantly weakens the protective structure of the glass and can be dangerous to you and your passengers.

What Type of Windshield Cracks Can Be Repaired?

The potential for repairing a chipped or cracked windshield depends on the location of the crack, its size, depth, type, age and the severity of the damage. Types of cracks include bull’s-eye cracks, straight or linear cracks, dings, chips, pits and the dreaded star. These types can be repaired successfully, depending on where they are located. Windshield repairs are done by first removing the air from the crack or chip, then filling it with a clear, adhesive resin product. UV light is used to cure the resin. In many cases, the strength of the windshield is largely restored. The repair remains visible, but in some cases, it simply does not hold.

When Should I Replace My Windshield?

If your windshield is damaged in the driver’s line of sight or around the edges, it must be replaced. Generally, if the crack does not fit under a dollar bill, it cannot be repaired. If the damage is on the inside of the windshield, if it has penetrated both layers of glass, or if the safety laminate between the layers is compromised, it must be replaced. If the crack is contaminated—rain has penetrated it, for example—or it’s old enough to have become discolored, it cannot be repaired. If the crack extends over any sensors or the antenna, or if it’s complex, the windshield will have to be replaced. The final decision on whether windshield damage can be repaired rests in the hands of a qualified technician. If the tech does not feel confident that the damage can be fixed safely, you will need a full replacement.

Finding a windshield repair or replacement professional can be harder than think, for the simple reason that many businesses provide the service. If you are approached at the car wash or gas station about repair, it’s OK to say “no.†Mobile service is convenient, but it’s always best to find a local windshield repair shop that has a good reputation and guarantees its work. If your car repair pro doesn’t do windshields, it’s a safe bet he can recommend someone good who does.

Today, many U.S. states monitor and control vehicular emissions. Combustion engines emit hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and other particulates. These chemicals cause damage to the environment and to public health. For decades, California’s emission control standards were significantly more onerous than other states. Today however, many states have adopted rigorous safety and emissions standards, requiring motorists to pass lengthy annual inspections, The costs associated with emissions testing, both to the motorist and to the municipality, are significant. In an effort to facilitate the process and lower the cost, several states have adopted strategies to ease the process. One such strategy is known as the on-the-spot emissions coupon process.

Why On the Spot Emissions Coupons are Growing in Popularity

Periodic motor vehicle inspection requirements are established and monitored by each state. Motorists must submit their vehicle to periodic inspection at a facility operated by their state’s motor vehicle department or division. More than a dozen states have adopted a more streamlined approach however, authorizing qualified auto repair shops to carry out safety inspections and emissions tests. Rather than having to travel a long way to one of a few state testing centers, individuals can simply find a qualifying auto repair shop near them that is authorized by the state. In most cases, the testing facility provides a report of the inspection, which the motorist submits with his or her registration renewal. But in Utah for example, motorists can obtain their safety inspection and emissions testing all in one spot. This type of “one stop shopping†saves time and financial resources for both the state and the motorist.

Other Developments in Emissions Testing

Scientists from the University of Denver have developed an emissions detection system that utilizes laser beams to measure the output of cars as they travel along the road. Unlike the old roadside “smog dog†monitors, this system (called “RapidScreenâ€) provide a highly detailed report of vehicle emissions using infrared and ultraviolet beams of light refracted off mirrors. Watch for this technology to pop up around the country, once the bugs are worked out. Perhaps the most impressive short cut of all are those states that have been able to suspend their emission testing programs, either in rural areas or altogether. If a state’s air quality meets minimum federal standards, no testing program is necessary. That is the case today in about a dozen states, including Florida, Michigan, and Kentucky.

For the emissions laws and inspection requirements specific to your state, visit your local DMV website. There is a Wikipedia page covering this topic, and AAA offers a comprehensive rundown of each state’s requirements.

It seems like every car repair shop today is pushing the “quick engine flush†as a miracle cure for what ails your car. Is this service really a necessary part of your vehicle’s maintenance, or is it just more snake oil designed to take your hard-earned dollars? The simple answer is that it may be a little bit of both. Here are some basic facts about the engine flush, why it may or may not be necessary for you, and how to avoid it in the future.

What is an Engine Flush

Simply put, an engine flush is a method of cleaning the internal components of your car’s motor (not to be confused with a radiator flush. . . that’s something completely different!). When we don’t change our car’s oil frequently enough (or if the car is regularly driven in very dusty or otherwise challenging conditions), deposits of all kinds can accumulate inside the engine. Once this happens, oil flow can become restricted, resulting in diminished performance and – ultimately –damage to the engine. A flush is performed by adding a cleaning agent to the engine oil crankcase, running it through the system, then draining and replacing it with engine oil.

Do I Need an Engine Flush

Before you even consider an engine flush, check with the manufacturer’s recommendations for your vehicle. Some strongly advise against it. There are some cases where you should, however, consider having an engine flush. If you have recently purchased a used car from an unknown source, an engine flush may be a good idea. You have no idea how the vehicle has been maintained, so it’s better to be safe than sorry. Also, if you have been particularly lax in having your own regular maintenance (especially oil changes) done, you may also want to consider having the engine flushed. When your car has been left to sit undriven for an extended period, it might be wise to flush the motor. Finally, if you plan to keep your car for the long haul, consider having the engine flushed every few years to extend the car’s life. For some older cars, an engine flush may be necessary to pass an annual safety inspection or emissions test.

Maintenance Tips to Avoid Engine Flush

The quick answer is to have regular oil changes performed by a reputable auto repair shop. Use the type of oil recommended for your vehicle. Keep up with all of your other maintenance tasks as well. If you do find yourself in need of an engine flush – or if you’re simply not sure – talk to a reputable mechanic in your area for recommendations.

The subject of motor oil for your car may seem simple and straightforward, but it’s really anything but. Oil is critical to keep your car’s engine working properly and for extending the vehicle’s life. If you look on the shelf at the auto parts store however, you will see dozens of different oils for numerous uses, with different viscosities and various chemical compositions. So which one is right for you? Start with checking your owner’s manual to verify the recommended type and viscosity of oil for your vehicle.

Traditional or Conventional Motor Oil

Regular or non-synthetic oil is the product we all grew up with. It is readily available and generally less expensive than synthetic oil products. Traditional motor oil is synthesized from crude oil. For many newer vehicles, it should provide a sufficient level of lubrication and is in fact recommended by many experts as the best type of oil for breaking in a new motor. The down side of traditional motor oil is the amount of environmental pollutants it emits.

Synthetic Motor Oil

Synthetic oil is often hailed as a kind of modern miracle. Although synthetic does have many advantages, it has a few drawbacks also. Synthetics will make your car operate more efficiently, use less gas, and possibly even gain horsepower. Synthetics are significantly better at high temperatures and won’t become too viscous in the cold either. Synthetic oil change frequency is much less than conventional products. The biggest drawback is the cost of synthetic oil, which is definitely more than conventional products, typically two to three times more. You can switch to synthetic oil at any point in a car’s life and, despite urban myths to the contrary, you can switch back to traditional motor oil at any time without harming the vehicle.

Synthetic Blend Motor Oil

A best of both worlds, synthetic blend oils add a portion of synthetic oil to the organic product. This blend is intended for use with higher temperatures and heavier loads, popular with those who drive SUVs and pickup trucks carrying loads or towing. These products evaporate less which reduces the amount of oil burned and increases fuel economy. The cost of synthetic blend oils is actually closer to conventional oil.

When it’s time for your next oil change, talk with your mechanic about which oil might be most appropriate for your vehicle. Changing to synthetic oil will cost you a little more, but the extended life of your engine may make it worthwhile. You will also save money thanks to the reduced synthetic oil change frequency.

Do Americans (and especially Utah residents) have it easy or tough when it comes to vehicle inspection and emissions testing? Almost every country around the globe requires some kind of similar test, and you might be luckier than you think when it comes to cost, time spent and overall standards. Safety and emissions testing are designed to ensure your well being, the safety of others on the road and to help keep Mother Nature a little healthier.

Ready to see how the US stacks up? From Brazil to the UK and everywhere in between, here’s a glimpse into safety inspections on a global scale.

Around the World in an Approved Car

In Brazil, only private companies offer inspections and it’s mandatory every single year for gas, diesel, alcohol and all natural gas vehicles, unless they’re registered in the current year (in which case they’ve already been approved for 365 days). Every motorbike and motorcycle also has to be inspected, with the only exception being if they have a two-stroke engine. Inspectors look for emission and noise levels. Once the vehicle passes, drivers get an electronic stamp that’s linked to the license plate. In some cities, traffic cameras automatically tag cars without updated stickers and you’ll get a ticket in the mail for about $40.

Our neighbor up north has different testing regulations in various provinces (kind of like states in the US). If you’re in New Brunswick, an annual test is required but if you’re in Nova Scotia, it’s every two years. However, those in Ontario and in certain regions have it worse, since they have to get it checked twice a year.

Asian Influence

Japan has what’s called a “shaken†program, which is required of all personal cars and two-wheeled motorcycles in the past three years. A new shaken is required every two years. In China, the Chinese Rural Vehicle (CRV) is a government agency that lets police fine anyone whose car releases “visible smoke.†Different cities and provinces also have their own regulations, and new vehicles must pass European regulations when being manufactured in the country.

As for Singapore, cars must get an inspection every two years, except for vehicles older than 10 years which need one annually. Motorcycles and mopeds also must follow these regulations. For taxis, commercial vehicles, buses and trailers, inspections are every six months or year depending on its age. You have to have an updated sticker to get your car’s new road tax.

European Laws

Austria mandates that all vehicles undergo “recurring inspection†annually, and you get a white sticker if your car has a catalytic converter and a green sticker if it doesn’t. If your decal is up to date the car is considered “roadworthy,†but Austria offers a generous four-month grace period. For new cars, an inspection is required within three years.

Nearly every country is doing their part to green up the roads—but some are bigger sticklers than others. The next time your emissions test is due, count yourself lucky that it’s not every six months.

You dutifully get your emission test done every year or two, snag that DMV renewal sticker and maybe you even sprung for a hybrid or fuel efficient vehicle. Now what? If you’re not driving “environmentally friendly,†you’re not doing all you can to green up the environment. There are tricks you can employ to not only lighten your carbon “tire marks,†but also save on fuel and help minimize smog in your city. Consider this your crash course on green driving, and the next time you hit the open road, try out your new moves.

The National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) provides motorists with plenty of tips on saving cash and the environment while being behind the wheel. Start with routine vehicle maintenance to ensure your ride is functioning at its best. Something as minor as an oil change can do wonders for your car and Mother Nature. In the long run, it’ll help you green up both your wallet and the earth.

Drive Green

While regular maintenance is crucial, it’s most important to keep an eye on the engine. Spark plugs are notorious for wearing out, and if they misfire they can knock your fuel efficiency down by up to 30 percent. Replace those fluids and filters when recommended, and keep in mind that a properly maintained engine causes less pollution. Plus, a neglected car will only lead to more costly repairs the longer you hold out.

Many drivers are great DIY mechanics, but if you fall into this category also consider yourself an environmental steward. Make sure to follow government regulations for disposing of fluids as well as batteries. Just one quart of used motor oil tarnishes thousands of gallons of water. And antifreeze? Dumping it on the ground poisons animals and wildlife. There are many nearby shops that will happily take that old fluid, and local government departments can recommend disposal or recycling facilities.

Easy as Pie

Tire inflation is directly linked to how hard your engine works. Low air pressure (even if it’s so minor that the warning light doesn’t come on) can make your engine work double time. Misaligned tires can also lead to an overworked engine. Tire maintenance is key, and remember that skipping this checkup means they’ll probably wear out faster—and tires are a toughie to recycle.

When driving, avoid accelerating suddenly and speeding in general. Both of these bad habits cause massive gas consumption and pile on more wear and tear for the transmission, engine, and steering/suspension system. Cruise control is your friend, and don’t forget to drive consciously as well as defensively. Need a little more incentive? You’ll make your brakes last even longer.

Final Tips

Whenever possible, cut down on driving all together. This might mean consolidating errands, walking or biking when possible and maybe checking out a car share situation for your commute. You should also take out any extra weight you’re carrying (like those golf clubs). Too much junk in the trunk leads to bad mileage. Emission Time wishes you happy and safe driving.